Under contemporary conditions of increasingly intensive climate change and growing energy demands, the role of renewable energy sources has become increasingly important. However, their availability and efficiency largely depend on variable meteorological conditions, which directly affect the stability and reliability of energy systems based on renewable energy sources. At the same time, climate change is altering energy consumption patterns, particularly through the growing need for adequate thermal insulation of buildings in order to maintain energy efficiency. Based on these facts, this research investigates the possibility of using ground corn cobs as an aggregate in the production of thermal insulation materials. The aim is to develop a composite material with satisfactory thermal insulation properties that could be applied in construction practice. This study contributes to the development of innovative materials that support the improvement of building energy efficiency.